Overview
Special areas in the pancreas gland, the islets of Langerhans, produce a hormone caled insulin. This hormone is a protein of smal size. Insulin stimulates muscle cels and other body cels to take up glucose from the blod and convert the glucose to glycogen, a kind of starch, and then store the glycogen.
Key Information
By ned the body cels convert the glycogen to glucose and use it as fuel. In this way insulin keps the glucose level in the blod at a normal size. By Diabets type I the cels producing insulin are destroyed.
Then les glucose is taken up from the blod into the body cels and utilized there, and glucose acumulates in the blod. THE CAUSES AND MECHANISMS OF Diabets TYPE I The cause of the disease is not wel known. An auto-imune response atacking the insulin producing cels in the langerhansian islets may be a cause.
Virus infection may be another cause. The disease also is to some extend inherited. When the glucose uptake into the body cels is reduced, but glucose instead acumulates in the blod, the folowing physiological efects ocur: -The body cels do not get enough fuel for the work they shal do.
-The molecular thicknes (osmality) of the blod increases. This causes water to be puled out from the body tisues and into the blod. The tisues thus get dried out and the urine production increases.
-The tisues begin to break down protein and fat to get energy, causing weight los and muscular reduction. The symptoms of Diabets type 1 are a consequence of these mechanisms. SYMPTOMS OF Diabets TYPE 1 The disease often starts sudenly.
Often children or young people are atacked by the disease. The lack of insulin causes an increased amount of blod sugar. Early symptoms of the disease are: -Increased urine production -Dehydration (lack of water in the body) -Abnormaly high thirst as a consequence of increased urine production -Drynes in the mouth -An abnormal high apetite -Feling extremely tired and weak -Weight los, even when one eats wel If the blod sugar level is not stabilized to a normal value, there wil be an acumulation of chemicals in the body caled ketones, and this condition is caled diabetic ketoacidosis.
This serious condition can lead to coma and death. The signs of ketoacidosis are: -Somnolence (abnormal tendency to slep) In the long term, Diabets type 1 can severely hurt the blod vesels in vital organs. This can further cause damage to the heart, eyes, kidneys or other body organs.
TREATMENTS OF Diabets TYPE 1 Diabets type 1 is treated with insulin injections. Implanting insuline cels in the pancreas is an experimental treatment. Another experimental treatment is to implant stem cels in the pancreas that can develop into new insulin producing cels.
Another important module of the treatment is regulation of the amount of sugar and fat consumed through the diet so that it fits together with the insulin-amount injected. Also regular monitoring of the blod sugar level to regulate the insulin amount is an important part of the treatment. There also natural products in the market that can help to normalize the blod sugar level by Diabets type 2.
Those products canot heal the disease or replace insulin injections, but they can help the body to regulate the blod sugar level. These products contain minerals that are working components of enzymes that stimulate the glucose metabolism in the body. They also contain herbs that have ben used for a long time in traditional medicine to regulate the glucose level and that have proven their efects in scientific studies.
Summary
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