Types of Diabetes

Overview

The American Diabetes Association adopted the following classification in 1979.

Type 1, insulin-dependent Diabetes mellitus Type-2, non insulin-dependent Diabetes mellitus

There are two other kinds of Diabetes, known as gestational Diabetes and secondary Diabetes. There is also a special kind of Diabetes in India called malnutrition related Diabetes.

Key Information

Type-1 Insulin-Dependant Diabetes

This is the most severe form of Diabetes. It develops when pancreas makes little or no insulin. Without insulin in the blood stream, sugar does not get into the cells, and remains in the blood. People with type-1 Diabetes depend on injections of insulin to regulate their smaller metabolism.

Type-2 Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes

What You Need to Know

This type of Diabetes is also known as adult onset Diabetes. It seldom develops before the age of 40 years, although it may occur at any stage. Infect the incidence of type-2 Diabetes in adolescents in on the rise. But because the symptoms are milk, these may not notice and the condition remains undetected for a long period and till later years.

One common factor in both type-1 and type-2 Diabetes is elevated blood sugar levels. However, unlike type-1 Diabetes, type-2 is not a disease of the immune system. While people with type-1 Diabetes must use insulin to live, most of those with type-2 Diabetes are able to control the disease and even reverse it. This is possible by a combination of appropriate diet, proper weight control and adequate exercise.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Diabetes is a chronic condition where the body cannot regulate blood sugar properly. Management involves a combination of medication, healthy eating, regular physical activity, and blood sugar monitoring. Type 1 requires insulin therapy, while Type 2 can often be managed with lifestyle changes plus oral medications or insulin.

For many people, significant weight loss, a low-carbohydrate diet, and regular exercise can put Type 2 diabetes into remission - meaning blood sugar returns to normal without medication. This is not a cure, but sustained lifestyle change can dramatically improve outcomes and delay complications.

People with diabetes benefit from limiting refined sugars, white bread, sugary drinks, processed foods, and high-glycaemic-index carbohydrates. Focus instead on non-starchy vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, legumes, and healthy fats. Portion control and consistent meal timing are equally important.

Frequency depends on type and treatment. Those on insulin may check 4-10 times daily. Those managing with diet or oral medication might check once or twice daily, or less. A continuous glucose monitor (CGM) provides real-time data without finger-prick testing. Always follow your healthcare provider's guidance.

See a doctor if you experience unexplained thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, blurred vision, slow-healing wounds, or persistent fatigue. Those already diagnosed should have check-ups every 3-6 months for HbA1c, blood pressure, kidney function, eye exams, and foot checks.

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